Skip To Main Content. Performance Class. The maximum power increase for these tests, expressed as a percentage of the rated load of the set is determined by the characteristics of the engine, and the match between the engine and the alternator. However the standard defines a more complex formula based on engine parameters, and in practice this value is now usually determined by the manufacturer. Other tests can also be specified, extending the scope of those set in the standards.
These include cold-start load acceptance, simulated motor starting loads and synchronised parallel running, for example. In practice, almost all generating sets see a non-unity power factor load when in normal use.
Virtually all typical loads of any but the tiniest generating sets include inductive and motor loads. Even loads such as fluorescent lighting, which have capacitive components, have ballast chokes to ensure that their power factor is near unity or slightly lagging. Almost all but the smallest generating sets are designed and rated at a lagging power factor, usually 0. While this standard allows for organisations to set their own systems and procedures, it is difficult to argue against the concept that a product can be fitted with a rating plate, stating a load capacity at a power factor of 0.
When professional engineers and consultants are involved in specifying a power supply for a project, they are becoming increasingly aware of this, and require that a set is tested to the standards, and at the nameplate rating.
ISO specifies that test reports should note if tests have been done at a power factor which is different than the rated one. Usually this means that tests done with a purely resistive load can be considered incomplete. Both quality standards and the ISO for engine-driven gen-set testing demand that complete testing is carried out. Professional engineers and consultants have responded by specifying such tests.
The equipment, with control, instrumentation, data capture and analysis systems are available from leading load bank specialists such as ASCO. There is no doubt that in the future more tests will be done to ensure that generating sets comply with specification, will accept load in service under a managed maintenance regime, and will operate in an environmentally acceptable way with optimum fuel efficiency and minimum pollution.
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